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Subcutaneous immunotherapy protocols generally involve weekly injections during a build-up phase, followed by monthly a maintenance phase that consists of injections for a period of 3–5 years. Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), also known as allergy shots, is the historical route of administration and consists of injections of allergen extract, which must be performed by a medical professional.
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Severe side effects such as anaphylaxis during subcutaneous immunotherapy treatment are relatively uncommon.
Pclp for needle desensitisation skin#
Potential side effects related to subcutaneous immunotherapy treatment for asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis include mild or moderate skin or respiratory reactions. Anaphylaxis during sublingual immunotherapy treatment has occurred on rare occasions. Side effects during sublingual immunotherapy treatment are usually local and mild and can often be eliminated by adjusting the dosage. Immunotherapy is not recommended as a stand-alone treatment for asthma. In this form the allergen is given under the tongue and people often prefer it to injections. The evidence also supports the use of sublingual immunotherapy against rhinitis and asthma, but it is less strong. It is generally safe and effective for allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic forms of asthma, and stinging insects. The benefits may last for years after treatment is stopped. Meta-analyses have found that injections of allergens under the skin are effective in the treatment in allergic rhinitis in children and in asthma. Immunotherapy involves exposing people to larger and larger amounts of allergen in an attempt to change the immune system's response. These phobias highlight a limitation of systematic desensitisation which is ineffective in treating evolutionary phobias.Allergen immunotherapy, also known as desensitization or hypo-sensitization, is a medical treatment for environmental allergies, such as insect bites, and asthma. Some psychologists believe that certain phobias, like heights, have an evolutionary survival benefit and are not the result of personal experience, but the result of evolution. Patients with phobias which have not developed through a personal experience (classical conditioning) for example, a fear of heights, are not effectively treated using systematic desensitisation.
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However, systematic desensitisation is not effect in treating all phobias. This provides further support for systematic desensitisation, as a long-term treatment for phobias. When examine three months and 33 months later, the systematic desensitisation group were less fearful than a control group (who were only taught relaxation techniques). Each patient was treated using three 45-minute systematic desensitisation sessions. (2002) who examined 42 patients with arachnophobia (fear of spiders).
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This shows that systematic desensitisation is effective in treating phobias.Įxtension: Further support comes from Gilroy et al. (1990) found that 75% of patients with phobias were successfully treated using systematic desensitisation, when using in vivo techniques (see below). One strength of systematic desensitisation comes from research evidence which demonstrates the effectiveness of this treatment for phobias.